Chapter VI
THE LADIES OF LONGBOURN soon waited on those of Netherfield. The visit was returned in due form. Miss Bennet's pleasing manners grew on the good-will of Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley; and though the mother was found to be intolerable, and the younger sisters not worth speaking to, a wish of being better acquainted with them was expressed toward the two eldest. By Jane this attention was received with the greatest of pleasure; but Elizabeth still saw superciliousness in their treatment of everybody, hardly excepting even her sister, and could not like them; though their kindness to Jane, such as it was, had a value, as arising, in all probability, from the influence of their brother's admiration. It was generally evident whenever they met, that he did admire her and to her it was equally evident that Jane was yielding to the preference which she had begun to entertain for him from the first, and was in a way to be very much in love; but she considered with pleasure that it was not likely to be discovered by the world in general, since Jane united with great strength of feeling a composure of temper and a uniform cheerfulness of manner, which would guard her from the suspicions of the impertinent. She mentioned this to her friend, Miss Lucas.
“It may, perhaps, be pleasant,” replied Charlotte, “to be able to impose on the public in such a case; but it is sometimes a disadvantage to be so very guarded. If a woman conceals her affection with the same skill from the object of it, she may lose the opportunity of fixing him; and it will then be but poor consolation to believe the world equally in the dark. There is so much of gratitude or vanity in almost every attachment, that it is not safe to leave any to itself. We can all begin freely—a slight preference is natural enough; but there are very few of us who have heart enough to be really in love without encouragement. In nine cases out of ten a woman had better show more affection than she feels. Bingley likes your sister undoubtedly; but he may never do more than like her, if she does not help him on.”
“But she does help him on, as much as her nature will allow. If I can perceive her regard for him, he must be a simpleton indeed not to discover it too.”
“Remember, Eliza, that he does not know Jane's disposition as you do.”
“But if a woman is partial to a man, and does not endeavor to conceal it, he must find it out.”
“Perhaps he must, if he sees enough of her. But though Bingley and Jane meet tolerably often, it is never for many hours together; and as they always see each other in large mixed parties, it is impossible that every moment should be employed in conversing together. Jane should therefore make the most of every half-hour in which she can command his attention. When she is secure of him, there will be leisure for falling in love as much as she chooses.”
“Your plan is a good one,” replied Elizabeth, “where nothing is in question but the desire of being well married; and if I were determined to get a rich husband, or any husband, I dare say I should adopt it. But these are not Jane's feelings; she is not acting by design. As yet she cannot even be certain of the degree of her own regard, nor of its reasonableness. She has known him only a fortnight. She danced four dances with him at Meryton; she saw him one morning at his own house, and has since dined in company with him four times. This is not quite enough to make her understand his character.”
“Not as you represent it. Had she merely dined with him, she might only have discovered whether he had a good appetite; but you must remember that four evenings have also been spent together, and four evenings may do a great deal.”
“Yes; these four evenings have enabled them to ascertain that they both like Vingt-et-un better than Commerce, but with respect to any other leading characteristic I do not imagine that much has been unfolded.”
“Well,” said Charlotte, “I wish Jane success with all my heart; and if she were married to him to-morrow, I should think she had as good a chance of happiness as if she were to be studying his character for a twelvemonth. Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance. If the dispositions of the parties are ever so well known to each other, or ever so similar beforehand, it does not advance their felicity in the least. They always continue to grow sufficiently unlike afterward to have their share of vexation; and it is better to know as little as possible of the defects of the person with whom you are to pass your life.”
“You make me laugh, Charlotte; but it is not sound. You know it is not sound, and that you would never act in this way yourself.”
Occupied in observing Mr. Bingley's attentions to her sister, Elizabeth was far from suspecting that she was herself becoming an object of some interest in the eyes of his friend. Mr. Darcy had at first scarcely allowed her to be pretty; he had looked at her without admiration at the ball; and when they next met, he looked at her only to criticize. But no sooner had he made it clear to himself and his friends that she had hardly a good feature in her face, than he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes. To this discovery succeeded some others equally mortifying. Though he had detected with a critical eye more than one failure of perfect symmetry in her form, he was forced to acknowledge her figure to be light and pleasing; and in spite of his asserting that her manners were not those of the fashionable world, he was caught by their easy playfulness. Of this she was perfectly unaware; to her he was only the man who made himself agreeable nowhere and who had not thought her handsome enough to dance with.
He began to wish to know more of her; and as a step toward conversing with her himself, attended to her conversation with others. His doing so drew her notice. It was at Sir William Lucas', where a large party were assembled.
“What does Mr. Darcy mean,” said she to Charlotte, “by listening to my conversation with Colonel Forster?”
“That is a question which Mr. Darcy only can answer.”
“But if he does it any more, I shall certainly let him know that I see what he is about. He has a very satirical eye, and if I do not begin by being impertinent myself, I shall soon grow afraid of him.”
On his approaching them soon afterward, though without seeming to have any intention of speaking, Miss Lucas defied her friend to mention such a subject to him, which immediately provoking Elizabeth to do it, she turned to him and said:
“Did you not think, Mr. Darcy, that I expressed myself uncommonly well just now, when I was teasing Colonel Forster to give us a ball at Meryton?”
“With great energy; but it is a subject which always makes a lady energetic.”
“You are severe on us.”
“It will be her turn soon to be teased,” said Miss Lucas. “I am going to open the instrument, Eliza, and you know what follows.”
“You are a very strange creature by way of a friend!—always wanting me to play and sing before anybody and everybody! If my vanity had taken a musical turn, you would have been invaluable; but as it is, I would really rather not sit down before those who must be in the habit of hearing the very best performers.” On Miss Lucas' persevering, however, she added, “Very well; if it must be so, it must.” And gravely glancing at Mr. Darcy: “There is a very fine old saying, which everybody here is of course familiar with—'Keep your breath to cool your porridge,' and I shall keep mine to swell my song.”
Her performance was pleasing, though by no means capital. After a song or two, and before she could reply to the entreaties of several that she would sing again, she was eagerly succeeded at the instrument by her sister Mary, who, having in consequence of being the only plain one in the family, worked hard for knowledge and accomplishments, was always impatient for display.
Mary had neither genius nor taste; and though vanity had given her application, it had given her likewise a pedantic air and conceited manner, which would have injured a higher degree of excellence than she had reached. Elizabeth, easy and unaffected, had been listened to with much more pleasure, though not playing half so well; and Mary, at the end of a long concerto, was glad to purchase praise and gratitude by Scotch and Irish airs, at the request of her younger sisters, who, with some of the Lucases, and two or three officers, joined eagerly in dancing at one end of the room.
Mr. Darcy stood near them in silent indignation at such a mode of passing the evening, to the exclusion of all conversation, and was too much engrossed by his own thoughts to perceive that Sir William Lucas was his neighbor, till Sir William thus began:
“What a charming amusement for young people this is, Mr. Darcy! There is nothing like dancing, after all. I consider it as one of the first refinements of polished societies.”
“Certainly, sir; and it has the advantage also of being in vogue among the less polished societies of the world; every savage can dance.”
Sir William only smiled. “Your friend performs delightfully,” he continued, after a pause, on seeing Bingley join the group; “and I doubt not that you are an adept in the science yourself, Mr. Darcy.”
“You saw me dance at Meryton, I believe, sir.”
“Yes, indeed, and received no inconsiderable pleasure from the sight. Do you often dance at St. James'?”
“Never, sir.”
“Do you not think it would be a proper compliment to the place?”
“It is a compliment which I never pay to any place, if I can avoid it.”
“You have a house in town, I conclude?”
Mr. Darcy bowed.
“I had once some thoughts of fixing in town myself, for I am fond of superior society; but I did not feel quite certain that the air of London would agree with Lady Lucas.”
He paused in hopes of an answer; but his companion was not disposed to make any; and Elizabeth at that instant moving toward them, he was struck with the notion of doing a very gallant thing, and called out to her:
“My dear Miss Eliza, why are you not dancing? Mr. Darcy, you must allow me to present this young lady to you as a very desirable partner. You cannot refuse to dance, I am sure, when so much beauty is before you.” And, taking her hand, he would have given it to Mr. Darcy, who, though extremely surprised, was not unwilling to receive it, when she instantly drew back, and said, with some discomposure, to Sir William:
“Indeed, sir, I have not the least intention of dancing. I entreat you not to suppose that I moved this way in order to beg for a partner.”
Mr. Darcy, with grave propriety, requested to be allowed the honor of her hand, but in vain. Elizabeth was determined; nor did Sir William at all shake her purpose by his attempt at persuasion.
“You excel so much in the dance, Miss Eliza, that it is cruel to deny me the happiness of seeing you; and though this gentleman dislikes the amusement in general, he can have no objection, I am sure, to oblige us for one half-hour.”
“Mr. Darcy is all politeness,” said Elizabeth, smiling.
“He is, indeed, but considering the inducement, my dear Miss Eliza, we cannot wonder at his complaisance; for who would object to such a partner?”
Elizabeth looked archly, and turned away. Her resistance had not injured her with the gentleman, and he was thinking of her with some complacency, when thus accosted by Miss Bingley:
“I can guess the subject of your reverie.”
“I should imagine not.”
“You are considering how insupportable it would be to pass many evenings in this manner—in such society; and, indeed, I am quite of your opinion. I was never more annoyed. The insipidity and yet the noise—the nothingness and yet the self-importance, of all those people! What would I give to hear your strictures on them!”
“You conjecture is totally wrong, I assure you. My mind was more agreeably engaged. I have been meditating on the very great pleasure which a pair of fine eyes in the face of a pretty woman can bestow.”
Miss Bingley immediately fixed her eyes on his face, and desired he would tell her what lady had the credit of inspiring such reflections. Mr. Darcy replied, with great intrepidity:
“Miss Elizabeth Bennet.”
“Miss Elizabeth Bennet!” repeated Miss Bingley. “I am all astonishment. How long has she been such a favorite? and pray when am I to wish you joy?”
“That is exactly the question which I expected you to ask. A lady's imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony, in a moment. I knew you would be wishing me joy.”
“Nay, if you are so serious about it I shall consider the matter as absolutely settled. You will have a charming mother-in-law, indeed, and, of course she will be always at Pemberley with you.”
He listened to her with perfect indifference while she chose to entertain herself in this manner; and as his composure convinced her that all was safe, her wit flowed long.
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— Vianney Verzola
In the quote, Jane is acting responsibly and sensibly by choosing to not behave as if she were deeply in love with Mr. Bingley.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Miss Bingley is going on and on about her disapproval of the Bennet family. In addition to being jealous of Elizabeth, she may be insecure about the social status of the Bingley family. As ill-mannered as the Bennets are, they are still members of the landed gentry—and the Bingleys are not.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Mr. Darcy is probably getting annoyed with Miss Bingley’s excessive criticism of the Bennets, but is too polite and courteous to say anything. Miss Bingley is likely jealous that Elizabeth has won (however unintentionally) Mr. Darcy’s regard.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Miss Bingley insults the Bennet family by highlighting Mrs. Bennet’s frequently inappropriate behavior. She hopes that Mr. Darcy will decide that marriage with Elizabeth is not only beneath him, but also humiliating.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Miss Bingley somewhat sarcastically rushes to the conclusion that Mr. Darcy plans to marry Elizabeth. In Austen’s time, however, a man expressing interest in a woman was often synonymous with professing an intention to marry her. Miss Bingley has no doubt that Elizabeth would jump at the opportunity to marry a rich aristocrat like Mr. Darcy.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
“Complacency” means being tranquilly pleased with someone or something. Mr. Darcy doesn’t seem to care that Elizabeth is intentionally offending him—he still finds her appealing. His “complacency” suggests that he is starting to develop romantic feelings for her.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Elizabeth is being very rude. A woman wasn’t supposed to directly reject a gentleman’s offer to dance. Elizabeth should have pretended that she didn’t feel well—a headache, for example, would have been an acceptable excuse not to dance. She implies that she doesn’t want to dance with Mr. Darcy specifically.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Sir William has revealed himself to be unfashionable by asking Mr. Darcy if he has ever danced at St. James’s Court. Men like Mr. Darcy would never dance at St. James’s Court because it was stuffy and boring. If Sir William is truly as aristocratic as he pretends to be, he would not have made this mistake.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
St. James’s Court was the royal court of the Sovereign of England (the king or queen). At the time of Pride and Prejudice (~1790s), men and women were not allowed to dress fashionably if they wanted to dance at St. James’s Court. Queen Charlotte, who dictated the rules of courtly dress, was old-fashioned. Dancers wore what their parents and grandparents would have worn. For women, that meant outdated panniers (hoops worn under skirts) and ostrich feathers.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Mr. Darcy’s “satirical eye” judges the unpolished members of society. His prejudice ultimately isolates him, however, and probably makes him feel even more awkward and uncomfortable. He isn’t allowing himself to have fun and relate to those around him.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Mary seems to have gone above and beyond the acceptable level of feminine accomplishments here: She “worked hard for knowledge” instead of simply learning enough to be charming. While Elizabeth’s playing is purely entertaining, Mary’s is skillful—which her audience doesn’t seem to like. People expected women to provide amusement rather than skill.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Playing the piano was one of several acceptable feminine accomplishments in Austen’s day. Women’s musical talents were meant to be mostly frivolous and entertaining as opposed to skillful or artistic. The modern, mass-produced pianoforte—which is what we are familiar with today—was a staple in the middle and upper-class home.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Being “satirical” here means having a critical or mocking attitude towards people or situations perceived as foolish or immoral. Mr. Darcy has a “satirical eye” because he is very critical of his social inferiors. Elizabeth thinks she must be equally rude, otherwise he will always have the advantage.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Jane and Mr. Bingley prefer Vingt-et-un, which relies more on chance instead of actively trading to get the best hand. Preferring chance over strategy mirrors their approach to romance: neither Jane nor Mr. Bingley actively pursue one another and seem to rely on meeting in groups in order to spend time together.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Vingt-et-un (meaning 21 in French) and Commerce were popular card games in 19th-century England. Vingt-et-un is Blackjack, which involves drawing random cards in order to get as close to 21 as possible, and Commerce entails aggressive card-trading (and therefore more strategy) to obtain the best hand.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
In Austen’s time, young couples rarely had the opportunity to speak together in private. It would have been scandalous for Jane and Mr. Bingley to spend much time together without others present. They had to settle for getting to know each other in groups, which makes Jane’s “task” of subtly indicating her romantic interests all the more difficult.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Charlotte Lucas does not seem interested in Elizabeth’s romantic ideals. She thinks the risk of becoming a spinster outweighs the need for love and happiness; Jane should therefore “secure” Mr. Bingley’s proposal before she loses all hope of marriage.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Jane is in a difficult position. She will be considered unladylike if she openly displays her interest in Mr. Bingley, but she could lose him as a suitor if she doesn’t (subtly) let him know that she cares about him.
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— Sarah, Owl Eyes Staff
Women often called on each other during Austen’s time, but never on men (at least alone). The Bingleys likely returned the Bennets’ visit out of politeness, not genuine regard or interest.
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— Jamie Wheeler
Readers and critics frequently perceive Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy as opposites; however, both characters possess similar flaws. Elizabeth is being just as judgmental and critical as Mr. Darcy, and possibly for similar reasons (anxiety, fear, etc.).
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— Jamie Wheeler
Austen herself was an avid and accomplished dancer. Like Elizabeth, she had her preferred dance partners. Unlike Elizabeth, however, she was likely more diplomatic about avoiding men she didn't like.